The Prof G Pod with Scott Galloway
The Prof G Pod with Scott Galloway

Prof G Markets: Tesla’s Terrible Earnings, the FTC’s Noncompete Ban, and 24/7 Trading at the NYSE

Scott shares his thoughts on why Tesla’s stock surged, despite worse than expected first quarter earnings. He then reflects on how a ban on noncompete agreements will be beneficial for workers. Finally, Scott and Ed discuss the benefits and drawbacks of 24/7 trading at the New York Stock Exchange. O

Topics Discussed

Episode Summary

Executive Summary: The episode covers major market and policy stories: Spotify and Netflix show how pricing power and consolidation are boosting streaming profits, Meta’s AI spending spooks investors despite strong growth, Tesla’s weak fundamentals are being masked by AI/robotaxi narratives, the FTC’s non-compete ban is framed as a pro-worker win, and NYSE 24/7 trading could increase access but also volatility and stress. The hosts also discuss FIFA-Apple’s club tournament deal and TikTok’s forced-divestment path.

Main Topics: Streaming profitability and platform consolidation (Priority: 5/5): Scott and Ed argue Spotify and Netflix are benefiting from pricing power, reduced competition, and lower churn. Spotify’s revenue and profit gains are read as evidence that consumers are holding up and that streaming businesses are shifting from growth to margin expansion. Meta’s earnings and AI capex concerns (Priority: 5/5): Meta beat revenue expectations, but the stock fell on lighter guidance and planned AI investment. The hosts contrast AI’s strategic fit with Meta’s core ad business against the prior metaverse spend, saying the market may be reacting to renewed heavy investment rather than long-term fundamentals. Tesla’s weak auto business vs AI/robotaxi narrative (Priority: 5/5): Tesla reported declining revenue, margins, and cash flow, yet the stock rose as Musk pushed the company’s AI and robotaxi story. The hosts criticize Tesla’s valuation, arguing it still behaves like an automaker despite efforts to rebrand as an AI/robotics company. FTC ban on non-compete agreements (Priority: 4/5): The ban is celebrated as a labor-market win that should raise wages, boost mobility, and create more startups. The speakers argue non-competes mostly suppress worker bargaining power and serve shareholders and senior executives rather than protecting innovation. NYSE considering 24-hour trading (Priority: 4/5): The discussion weighs greater liquidity and access for global investors against reduced weekend pauses, more volatility, and worse mental-health outcomes. The hosts see the move as inevitable but potentially unhealthy for retail traders and financial workers. TikTok divestment law and platform power (Priority: 4/5): The episode frames Biden’s TikTok law as a likely forced sale rather than an outright ban. Scott sees it as a necessary move to curb a potent propaganda platform, though the company will likely litigate on First Amendment grounds. FIFA-Apple club tournament deal (Priority: 3/5): The hosts view the proposed $1 billion deal as a smart reframing of the Club World Cup to include more elite European clubs, making it more commercially valuable and potentially a major driver for Apple TV+.

Key Arguments: Spotify’s strong quarter reflects both increased pricing power and cost discipline, not just user growth. Netflix’s decision to stop reporting subscriber and ARPU data suggests the company wants to emphasize strong financial performance while avoiding scrutiny if U.S. growth plateaus. Meta’s selloff likely reflects investor fatigue after huge run-ups and concern that AI spending will end the “year of efficiency,” though AI fits Meta’s ad model far better than the metaverse did. Tesla is still fundamentally an automaker; robotaxi and AI claims do not change that the core business is deteriorating. The FTC non-compete ban should increase labor-market competition, worker mobility, and wages, with limited downside because trade-secret theft is already illegal. 24/7 stock trading may increase liquidity and global participation, but it removes a useful cooling-off period and could worsen stress and impulsive trading. TikTok is better understood as a forced-divestment case than a pure ban, and that is a meaningful step toward addressing geopolitical and privacy concerns.

Data Points: Spotify revenue growth: 20% year over year - First-quarter revenue increase reported by Spotify. Spotify profit: $180 million - Record high profit for the quarter. Netflix membership growth: 16% year over year - First-quarter memberships rose more than predicted. Netflix stock move: -9% - Shares fell after the company said it will stop reporting quarterly subscriber numbers and revenue per user. Meta revenue growth: more than 27% year over year - First-quarter revenue beat analyst expectations. Meta stock move: more than -15% - Shares dropped after lighter guidance and higher AI spending plans. FIFA-Apple deal value: about $1 billion - Estimated value of the TV rights agreement for the club tournament. TikTok divestment window: up to 12 months - Biden signed a bill giving TikTok time to sell to an American company. Tesla revenue change: fell for the first time since 2020 - First-quarter revenue declined. Tesla profit change: more than -50% year over year - Quarterly profits fell sharply. Tesla free cash outflow: $2.5 billion - Largest free cash outflow ever reported by the company. Tesla deliveries: -8% - Deliveries declined in the quarter. Tesla gross margin: 16% - Down from 19% as price cuts pressured margins. Non-compete coverage: one in five American workers - FTC estimate of workers subject to non-competes. Workers newly freed: 30 million people - Estimated number of workers who can change jobs more freely once the rule takes effect. Annual wage increase estimate: more than $500 - Projected increase in average annual earnings from the non-compete ban. One-third of minimum-wage jobs: subject to non-competes - Used to illustrate how broadly these clauses reach. Potential new businesses: 8,500 per year - FTC estimate of additional startups created annually. NYSE current trading hours: 9:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. Monday-Friday - Existing regular trading schedule described in the segment. NYSE historical Saturday trading: until 1951 - The exchange once operated on Saturdays. Spotify gross margin: 27.6% - Gross margin for the quarter, up about 250 basis points. Spotify margin improvement: about 250 basis points - Increase from a year ago. Spotify headcount change: around -20% year over year - Mentioned as part of cost reductions. Oregon non-compete wage effect: 3% increase - Hourly-worker ban in 2008 tied to higher wages. Hawaii non-compete wage effect: 4% increase - Tech-worker ban in 2012 tied to higher wages. California GDP: $4 trillion annually - Cited as evidence that banning non-competes does not hurt a state economy.

Pivotal Quotes: "I think this is a huge deal for Apple if it goes through because it's possible that this new reframing of an existing tournament could become the most culturally relevant competition in all of football besides the International World Cup." — Ed Elson: On the proposed FIFA-Apple club tournament partnership. "The more people bidding on your labor, the more potential people who want to rent your labor, the higher the rents you can charge." — Scott Galloway: Explaining why he supports the FTC ban on non-competes. "If you value Tesla just as an auto company, you fundamentally have the wrong framework." — Elon Musk (quoted by Ed Elson): Referenced during the Tesla segment to describe Musk’s earnings-call framing.

Implications: Investors should expect more margin-focused earnings, more disclosure games, and continued AI capex. Workers gain mobility from the non-compete ban, while markets may become more global, more volatile, and more emotionally demanding.

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